VOCABULARY  DISEASES and CONDITIONS

Abscess: A localized collection of pus in any part of the body.

Amebiasis: Infectious disease from infestation by a species of ameba

Amoebic dysentery: Inflammation of the mucus membrane of the intestine or colon caused by amebas.

Aneurism: Localized abnormal dilatation of a blood vessel, usually an artery.

Boil: Acute inflammation of the subcutaneous layers of the skin, gland or hair follicle. Deep tissue inflammation is so severe that blood will clot in the vessels and the center dies. This is the cause of the acuteness of pain.

Cardiac tamponade: Accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardium. May result from pericarditis or injuries to the heart or great blood vessels with accumulation of blood.

Cholera: Acute infectious dx. characterized by diarrhea with a severe loss of fluids and electrolytes ( a solution which is a conductor of electricity i.e. acids, bases, salts

Diaphoresis: Profuse sweating.

Diuresis: Passage of a large amount of urine.

Diphtheria: Characterized by the formation of a false membrane on any    mucous surface and occasionally on the skin. TX; antitoxin (horse serum) blood serum of a horse or other animal which has been immunized against the diphtheria toxin.

Diverticulitis: Inflammation of diverticula in the intestinal tract. In the colon, causes stagnation of feces in little distended sacs and pain.

 Diverticulosis: Diverticula in the colon without inflammation or symptoms.

Diverticula: A sac or pouch in the walls of a canal or organ.

Dysphasia:  Difficult speech.

Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain

Fistula:  Abnormal tubelike passage from a normal cavity to a free surface or another cavity.

Gastrostomy:  Surgical creation of a gastric fistula through the abdominal wall.

Giardiasis: Protozoa possessing flagella which inhabit the small intestine. They attach themselves to the cells of the intestinal mucosa (membrane) from which they absorb nourishment.

Hemoptysis: Expectoration of blood.

Hemothorax:  Blood or fluid in the pleural cavity.

Hyperpnea:  ( hi perp ne’ a)  Increased respiratory rate or breathing deeper than normal.

Hypercapnia: Increased amount of CO ₂ in the blood.

Hypocapnia:  Decreased amount of CO ₂ in the blood.

Hypoxia: Deficiency of oxygen in inspired air.

Hypoxemia: Insufficient oxygenation of the blood.

Ischemia:  Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to obstruction of circulation.

Malaria: Acute or chronic infectious dx. due to the presence of protozoan parasites within the red blood cells injected by the bite of a mosquito.

Mumps:  inflammation of the parietal glands and other salivary glands

Measles:  caused by rubeola virus

Occlusion:  State of being closed.

Pathologic: Disease; due to disease.

Peristalsis: Progressive wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body. Simultaneous contraction and relaxation progresses slowly, causing the contents of the tube to be forced onward

Polio myelitis: Inflammation of the gray matter (nervous tissue ) of the spinal cord.

Pneumonia plague: Highly virulent form of plague with extensive involvement of the lungs.

Pneumothorax: Increased pressure in the pleural cavity, lungs collapse.

Pulmonary embolus:  Mass of undissolved matter in the pulmonary artery or one of its branches.

Salmonella:  Bacteria producing mild gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract) or severe and often fatal food poisoning.

Shigella: Bacteria which cause digestive disturbance ranging from mild diarrhea to a severe and often fatal dysentery (inflammation of the mucus membrane of the colon)

Tachypnea: ( tak ip ne’ a ) Increased respiration.

Thrombus:  Blood clot.

Thrush: Fungus of the mouth or throat characterized by formation of white patches, ulcer formation, fever and often gastrointestinal inflammation

Trichomoniasis- Infestation with a parasite. In the human intestine may cause diarrhea. If found in the vagina or male urethera may cause persistent burning and itching.

Tinea: Ringworm: Superficial type is marked by scaling, itching, dry brittle hair which is easily extracted with the hair shaft. Deep type: flat, reddish tumors, the surface studded with dead or broken hair or by gaping follicular orifices.

 Toxoplasmosis: Infection with an organism found in mammals and birds (toxoplasma gondii) Severe symptoms include lymphadenopathy (dx of lymph nodes), malaise (discomfort, uneasiness), muscle pain.

Tuberculosis: Primary infection usually consists of a localized lesion and regional adenitis (inflammation of lymph nodes) Lesions may heal and the dx can exist in an arrested or inactive stage. Reactivation gives rise to the chronic progressive form. Infection is usually acquired from contact with an infected person or an infected cow or through drinking contaminated milk.

Typhoid fever: Bacterial infection characterized by definite lesions in Peyer’s patches ( lymph nodes found in the ileum near its junction with the colon) mesenteric glands (in the peritoneal (serum-like membrane ) fold encircling the small intestines and connecting the intestine to the posterior abdominal wall, and the spleen.

Urticaria: A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of wheals, which are associated with severe itching.

Venous stasis:  Stagnation of normal flow of blood caused by venous congestion.

Viral meningitis: Inflammation of the membrane of the spinal cord or brain

Zoster: Acute inflammatory dx. with vesicles grouped in the course of cutaneous  ( skin)  nerves.

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